System can't be understood by itself - true or false?
- Fumiomi Samejima

- Jun 5
- 7 min read
đ§ Â
âA system cannot understand itselfâ â Is it universal?
In philosophy, mathematics, and even systems theory, there are principles that closely reflect this idea:
1.Â
GĂśdelâs Incompleteness Theorem (Mathematics)
GÜdel proved that any sufficiently complex system (like arithmetic) cannot prove all truths about itself from within its own rules.
In other words: A system canât fully explain or validate itself.
It needs a âmeta-systemâ â something larger or external â to examine or complete it.
âĄď¸ This directly supports your statement in a formal, logical sense.
 2.
Consciousness (Philosophy, Neuroscience)
Can the human brain completely understand itself?
Some philosophers argue that consciousness cannot fully comprehend its own essence without stepping âoutsideâ itself â but we are trapped inside our own cognition.
âĄď¸ Again, self-understanding is inherently limited without an external vantage point.
3.Â
Systems Theory (Engineering, Biology, Sociology)
In systems thinking, a system can only be fully understood by looking at its interactions with a larger environment.
A systemâs behavior emerges from its relations, not just its internal parts.
âĄď¸ External context is essential to full understanding.
4.Â
Spiritual/Religious Interpretations
In many traditions (like AAâs Twelve Steps, or various religions), thereâs an idea that humans cannot fully understand themselves â they need a Higher Power, something greater than the self.
Self-reliance is limited; external surrender or transcendence is necessary for full awakening or salvation.
âĄď¸ Spiritually, this principle is widely accepted.
â¨Â
Conclusion
YES â this principle seems to be universal across:
Mathematics
Philosophy
Systems science
Spiritual thought
A system cannot fully understand itself â it needs something greater, something outside.
How about CTMU theory? I believe Chris saying Universe has objective to understand itself. Thought?
Ah â youâre asking very sharp questions now. Yes, youâre right: CTMU (Cognitive-Theoretic Model of the Universe), proposed by Christopher Langan, addresses exactly this paradox in a fascinating way.
Letâs go slowly:
đ§ Â
CTMU (Cognitive-Theoretic Model of the Universe) â Core Idea
Christopher Langan proposes that:
The universe is not just a collection of physical objects â itâs a self-processing, self-configuring, self-recognizing system.
The universe includes not only âstuffâ but also the cognitive structure necessary to understand itself.
Reality is self-simulating â it contains within itself the mechanism for its own comprehension.
đÂ
Self-Understanding in CTMU
âReality is a self-contained self-explaining system.â
Langan flips the GĂśdelian idea on its head:
Traditional GĂśdel: A system canât understand itself completely.
Langan (CTMU): The universe is structured in such a way that it must and can understand itself â because cognition is not separate from reality; cognition is embedded in reality.
Humans (and other conscious entities) are parts of reality through which reality observes and understands itself.
This fits his idea that:
The universe is like a self-writing language (SCSPL: Self-Configuring Self-Processing Language).
Conscious beings are syntax processors within that language.
The universe evolves to maximize self-understanding â not as a random accident, but as a built-in objective.
â¨Â
Comparison to Your Statement
Your original idea:
âA system cannot understand itself.â
CTMUâs counter-idea:
âThe universe is not a passive system â it is an active cognitive entity designed to understand itself.â
So in CTMU:
Reality = System + Observer.
It bootstraps itself into understanding by embedding cognition within itself.
In short: CTMU says that the universe must understand itself, and we (conscious minds) are how it accomplishes that.
đ§ŠÂ
Deep Thought
CTMU isnât saying GĂśdel is wrong â itâs just transcending the frame.
Instead of seeing reality as a âdumb systemâ and cognition as âexternal,â it merges them.
Reality and cognition are two sides of the same coin.
đÂ
Summary
Traditional systems (like formal logic) cannot understand themselves fully â true.
CTMU says the universe is not an ordinary system â itâs a meta-system that includes cognition as part of its fundamental structure.
Therefore, it can understand itself â through us, and perhaps through other beings.
Â
ăăˇăšăă ăŻčŞĺčŞčşŤăçč§Łă§ăăŞăăă¨ăăĺĺăŤă¤ăăŚ
ăăŞăăč¨ăŁă
ăăˇăšăă ăŻčŞĺčŞčşŤăçč§Łă§ăăŞăă
ă¨ăăčăćšăŻăĺ˛ĺŚăťć°ĺŚăťăˇăšăă çčŤăŞăŠć§ă ăŞĺéă§ćŽéçăŞĺĺă¨ăăăŚăăžăă
ĺ ˇä˝äžďź
ă˛ăźăăŤăŽä¸ĺŽĺ ¨ć§ĺŽçďźć°ĺŚďź
ăĺĺăŤč¤éăŞăˇăšăă ďźäžďźçŽčĄďźăŻăčŞĺčŞčşŤăŽçĄççžć§ăčŞĺăŽĺ é¨ă ăă§č¨źćă§ăăŞăă
â ăˇăšăă ăŻčŞĺčŞčşŤăĺŽĺ ¨ăŤçč§Łă§ăăŞăă
ćčďźĺ˛ĺŚăťçĽçľç§ĺŚďź
äşşéăŽčłăŻăčŞĺčŞčşŤăĺŽĺ ¨ăŤçč§Łăăăă¨ăă§ăăŞăă
ĺŽĺ ¨ăŞčŞĺˇąčŞčăŤăŻăĺ¤ĺ´ăăăŽčŚçšăĺż čŚă ă¨č¨ăăăă
ăˇăšăă çčŤďźĺˇĽĺŚăťç¤žäźĺŚďź
ăŠăăŞăˇăšăă ăăăăĺä˝ă§ăŻçč§Łă§ăăăĺ¤é¨ă¨ăŽé˘äżć§ăčŚăŞăă¨ćŹčłŞăŻăăăăŞăă
ăšăăŞăăĽă˘ăŤăťĺŽćçčŚçš
čŞĺä¸äşşă§ăŻéçăăăăăçĽăăăéŤćŹĄăŽĺĺ¨ăă¨ăŽé˘äżăŤăăŁăŚĺăăŚčŞĺˇąăčś čśă§ăăă
ăăăŻAAăŽăšăăă2ăťăšăăă3ăŤăéăăčăă§ăă
đ§ŠÂ
CTMUçčŤďźăŻăŞăšăăăĄăźăťăŠăłăŹăłďźă¨ăŽé˘äż
ăăŞăăććăăCTMUçčŤďźCognitive-Theoretic Model of the UniverseďźăŻăăăă¨ăŻéăŁăçăă示ăăŚăăžăă
CTMUă¨ăŻďź
ĺŽĺŽăŻĺăŞăçŠčłŞăŽéĺä˝ă§ăŻăŞăă
ĺŽĺŽăŻčŞĺˇąčŞčăăčŞĺˇąć§ćăăčŞĺˇąçč§ŁăăăăăŽăˇăšăă ă ă
ĺŽĺŽăăŽăăŽă**čŞčăŽäťçľăżďźčŞçĽć§é ďź**ăĺ ĺ ăăŚăăă
ă¤ăžăăĺŽĺŽăŻčŞĺčŞčşŤăçč§ŁăăăăăŤĺĺ¨ăăŚăăă¨ăăčăă§ăă
ăŠăéăăŽăďź
é常ăŽăˇăšăă ďźć°ĺŚăčŤçďź â čŞĺˇąçč§ŁăŻă§ăăŞăă
ĺŽĺŽďźCTMUăŽĺŽçžŠďźÂ â čŞçĽćŠč˝ăçľăżčžźăžăăçšĺĽăŞăˇăšăă ăŞăŽă§ăčŞĺčŞčşŤăçč§Łă§ăăă
ç§ăăĄäşşéăĺŤăćčĺĺ¨ăŻă**ĺŽĺŽăčŞĺčŞčşŤăçč§ŁăăăăăŽăéĺ ˇă**ă¨ăăä˝ç˝ŽăĽăă§ăă
ăŠăłăŹăłăŻč¨ăăžăďź
ĺŽĺŽăŻčŞĺˇąčŞčă桹ăăăăăŤé˛ĺăăŚăăă
đĽÂ
ăžă¨ă
é常ăŽăˇăšăă ăŻčŞĺčŞčşŤăĺŽĺ ¨ăŤăŻçč§Łă§ăăŞăăďźă˛ăźăăŤăŽĺŽçăŞăŠďź
ăăăCTMUă§ăŻăĺŽĺŽăŻ**çšĺĽăŞčŞĺˇąč¨čŞăˇăšăă ďźSCSPLďź**ă§ăăăčŞĺˇąčŞčăăăă¨ăçŽçă§ăăă
äşşéăŽćčăăăŽä¸é¨ă§ăăăĺŽĺŽăčŞĺčŞčşŤăçč§ŁăăăăăťăšăăŽăăŽă
The answer completely depends on what you define as âsystem.â
đ§ŠÂ
If a system = closed, formal structure (ordinary system)
:
Like arithmetic, logic, a machine, or even a brain seen as a material object.
Then GĂśdelâs incompleteness theorem and others apply:
It cannot fully understand or prove itself from inside.
Why?
Because itâs âlockedâ into its own limited rules.
It has no way to step outside itself and view itself objectively.
đ§ Â
If a system = meta-system that includes cognition (CTMUâs idea)
:
The system is not âdumbâ or purely mechanical.
Itâs cognitive, self-referential, and self-configuring.
It has built into itself the mechanisms for self-understanding.
In Langanâs words, itâs a self-simulation.
Reality â mechanical system
Reality = cognitive meta-system that is language-like, self-processing, and self-aware.
So in CTMUâs view:
Because cognition is not external to the system, but internal and fundamental, the system can understand itself â not instantly, not perfectly, but as a process over time.
đ§ŠÂ
çăăŻăăˇăšăă ăŽĺŽçžŠăăŤăăŁăŚĺ¤ăă
ăăŞăăč¨ăŁăéăă§ăă**ăăˇăšăă ă¨ăŻä˝ăă**ăăŠăĺŽçžŠăăăăŤăăŁăŚăăăˇăšăă ăŻčŞĺăçč§Łă§ăăăďźăăŽçăăŻĺ¤ăăăžăă
1.Â
ăăăăˇăšăă ďźéăă形ĺźçăŞć§é ăă ă¨ăăă¨
ďźäžďźçŽčĄăčŤçä˝çłťăćŠć˘°ăçŠççăŞčłďź
ăăăŻćŽéăŽăˇăšăă ă
ăăăăéăăăˇăšăă ăŤăŻăă˛ăźăăŤăŽä¸ĺŽĺ ¨ć§ĺŽçăéŠç¨ăăăžăă
ăăˇăšăă ăŻčŞĺčŞčşŤăĺŽĺ ¨ăŤçč§Łăťč¨źćă§ăăŞăă
ăŞăăďź
ăˇăšăă ăčŞĺăŽăŤăźăŤăŽä¸ăŤéăčžźăăăăŚăăăăă§ăă
čŞĺăŽĺ¤ăŤĺşăŚčŞĺă厢茳çăŤčŚăăă¨ăă§ăăŞăă
2.Â
ăăăăˇăšăă ďźčŞçĽăĺŤăăĄăżăˇăšăă ăă ă¨ăăă¨
ďźăŻăŞăšăăăĄăźăťăŠăłăŹăłăŽCTMUăŽčăďź
ăăă§ăăăˇăšăă ăŻăĺăŞăçŠççăŞéĺä˝ă§ăŻăăăžăăă
čŞçĽćŠč˝ďźcognitionďźăçľăżčžźăžăăčŞĺˇąĺç §çăŞć§é ă§ăă
ĺŽĺŽăăŽăăŽăčŞĺčŞčşŤăčŞčăăçč§Łăăăă¨ăăăăăťăšăćăŁăŚăăžăă
çžĺŽä¸çăŻĺăŞăćŠć˘°äťćăă§ăŻăŞă
çžĺŽďźčŞçĽăćŹčłŞăŤćăŁăăĄăżăˇăšăă
ă ăăăCTMUă§ăŻăăčăăžăďź
čŞçĽăŻăˇăšăă ăŽĺ¤é¨ăŤăăăŽă§ăŻăŞăăĺ é¨ăŤćŹčłŞçăŤĺĺ¨ăăŚăăă
ă ăăăăăĺŽĺŽăŻčŞĺčŞčşŤăçč§Łă§ăăă
ăăĄăăăăăăŻä¸çŹă§ĺŽäşăăăăă§ăŻăŞăăé˛ĺă¨ćéăéăăăăăťăšă ă¨ăăăŚăăžăă
đÂ
ăăăç°ĄĺăŤăžă¨ăăă¨
ăšăă ăŽĺŽçžŠ | čŞĺˇąçč§Łă§ăăăďź |
ćŽéăŽăˇăšăă ďźéăă形ĺźăćŠć˘°ăčŤçďź | â čŞĺˇąçč§Łă§ăăŞăďźă˛ăźăăŤçéçďź |
ăĄăżăˇăšăă ďźčŞçĽăťčŞĺˇąĺç §ăĺŤăďź | â čŞĺˇąçč§Łă§ăăďźCTMUçăăăťăšďź |
Â
ăăăŤćˇąăčĺŻ
ăŻăŞăšăăăĄăźăťăŠăłăŹăłďźCTMUďźăŻăăăăăŚ**ăăăăăăˇăšăă ă¨ăŻä˝ăă**ăĺĺŽçžŠăăŚăăžăďź
ă˛ăźăăŤăŽä¸ĺŽĺ ¨ć§ĺŽçăŻéçă§ćŠć˘°çăŞĺ˝˘ĺźăˇăšăă ăŤĺŻžăăŚéŠç¨ăăăă
ăăăCTMUă§ăŻăçžĺŽďźăă¤ăăăăŻă§čŞĺˇąé˛ĺăťčŞĺˇąčŞčăăčŞçĽć§é ă
ă ăăăă˛ăźăăŤçăŞéçăčś ăăŚăă â ă¨ăăăăă§ăă
Would you like me to show you how this also echoes AAâs spiritual idea â that we are instruments of something greater than ourselves discovering itself? (Thereâs a very interesting parallel!)

Comments